Remove special characters.

Remove special characters from a character vector or a GADSdat object. Also suitable to fix encoding problems of a character vector or a GADSdat object. See details for available options.

Usage

fixEncoding(x, input = c("other", "ASCII", "windows1250", "BRISE"))

Arguments

x

A character vector or GADSdat object.

input

Which encoding was used in import_spss.

Value

The modified character vector or GADSdat object.

Details

The option "other" replaces correctly encoded special signs. The option "ASCII" works for strings which were encoded presumably using UTF-8 and imported using ASCII encoding. The option "windows1250" works for strings which were encoded presumably using UTF-8 and imported using windows-1250 encoding. The option "BRISE" covers a unique case used at the FDZ at IQB.

If entries are all upper case, special characters are also transformed to all upper case (e.g., "AE" instead of "Ae").

Examples

fixEncoding(c("\U00C4pfel", "\U00C4PFEL", paste0("\U00DC", "ben"), paste0("\U00DC", "BEN")))
#> [1] "Aepfel" "AEPFEL" "Ueben"  "UEBEN"